Effect of Education on Promoting Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors That Prevent Breast Cancer in Middle-Aged Women: Application of Protection Motivation Theory / 가정의학회지

Background@#In recent years, an increased incidence of breast cancer has made this disease the most common malignancy among Iranian women. Since education plays an important role in the implementation of preventive behaviors in breast cancer treatment, this study investigates the effect of educational interventions on the promotion of lifestyle-related behaviors that prevent breast cancer in middle-aged women. @*Methods@#In this randomized control study, 120 women referred to Neyshabur Health Services Centers were randomly selected and divided into two groups: an intervention group (60 subjects) and a control group (60 subjects). An educational intervention was carried out over five sessions, based on protective motivation theory constructs. Participants completed a researcher-designed questionnaire immediately and again 2 months after the intervention. The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS ver. 19.0 software (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). @*Results@#The results revealed a significant difference between the mean scores of participants exposed to protective motivation theory, awareness, and physical activities immediately and also 2 months after the intervention (P<0.05). Although the healthy diet scores of the two groups differed significantly immediately after the educational intervention (P<0.05), there was no significant difference between the groups 2 months after the intervention (P<0.05). @*Conclusion@#Given the effective role of education in protective motivation theory and the physical activity levels of the women who participated in this research, it seems clear that the women’s financial status shaped their ability to consume more fruits and vegetables. As this social element impacts the health of individuals, training programs alone cannot succeed.

Effect of Education on Promoting Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors That Prevent Breast Cancer in Middle-Aged Women: Application of Protection Motivation Theory / 가정의학회지

Background@#In recent years, an increased incidence of breast cancer has made this disease the most common malignancy among Iranian women. Since education plays an important role in the implementation of preventive behaviors in breast cancer treatment, this study investigates the effect of educational interventions on the promotion of lifestyle-related behaviors that prevent breast cancer in middle-aged women. @*Methods@#In this randomized control study, 120 women referred to Neyshabur Health Services Centers were randomly selected and divided into two groups: an intervention group (60 subjects) and a control group (60 subjects). An educational intervention was carried out over five sessions, based on protective motivation theory constructs. Participants completed a researcher-designed questionnaire immediately and again 2 months after the intervention. The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS ver. 19.0 software (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). @*Results@#The results revealed a significant difference between the mean scores of participants exposed to protective motivation theory, awareness, and physical activities immediately and also 2 months after the intervention (P<0.05). Although the healthy diet scores of the two groups differed significantly immediately after the educational intervention (P<0.05), there was no significant difference between the groups 2 months after the intervention (P<0.05). @*Conclusion@#Given the effective role of education in protective motivation theory and the physical activity levels of the women who participated in this research, it seems clear that the women’s financial status shaped their ability to consume more fruits and vegetables. As this social element impacts the health of individuals, training programs alone cannot succeed.

randomized, controlled trial of levonorgestrel vs. the Yuzpe regimen as emergency contraception method among Iranian women

We aimed to compare acceptability of Levonorgestrel with the Yuzpe regimen among Iranian women based on their side-effects and resulting changes in the amount and pattern of menses. Five hundred twenty nine participants aged 15-49 having regular menses and one act of unprotected inter-course within 72 h were included in the double-blind, controlled trial in 2006-2007 and randomly assigned into LNG [n=263] and HD [n=266] groups, receiving Levonorgestrel 0.75 mg given 12 h apart and ethinyl estradiol 100 micro g plus 0.5 mg Levonorgestrel 0.5 mg repeated after 12 h, respectively. The participants receiving Levonorgestrel experienced significantly lower side-effects in the case of nausea, vomiting, and dizziness [P<0.05]. The changes occurred in the amount and pattern of menses were the same for both groups [P>0.05]. No significant difference was observed between the efficiencies of the treatments. Significantly lower side-effects of Levonorgestrel can be considered as greater acceptability and translated to higher efficiency

Effect of periodontal disease on preeclampsia

A lot of studies have shown periodontal diseases as a risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes. The association between periodontitis and preeclampsia has been studied recently with controversy. Considering the importance of preventing preeclamspia as a dangerous and life-threatening disease in pregnant women, the present study was carried out. Two hundred and ten pregnant women participated in this case-control study [105 controls and 105 cases] during year 2007 and 2008. Preeclamptic cases were defined as blood pressure >/= 140/90 mmHg and proteinuria +1. Control group were pregnant women with normal blood pressure without proteinuria. Both groups were examined during 48 hours after child delivery. Plaque index [PLI], Pocket Depth [PD], Clinical Attachment Level [CAL], Bleeding On Probing [BOP], Gingival Recession [GR] were measured on all teeth except for third molars and recorded as periodontal examination. Data was analyzed using t-test, chi-square, and Mann-Whitney U statistical tests. There was no significant difference between the two study groups for PD. CAL, GR, BOP significantly increased in the case group [P<0.02]. This study showed that preeclampsia cases were more likely to develop periodontal disease [P<0.0001]. Eighty three percent of the control group and 95% of the case group had periodontal disease [p<0.005] which had shown that preeclampsia cases were 4.1 times more likely to have periodontal disease [OR=4.1]. Preeclamptic cases significantly had higher attachment loss and gingival recession than the control group

[ effect of employing synectic model in teaching palliative care in children on nursing students' writing creativity and academic performance]

Palliative care in patients with incurable diseases requires creativity in providing services in the best possible way. Therefore, the effect of Synectic model on students' writing creativity and academic performance was investigated in this study. It was a quasi-experimental study performed on 2 groups of nursing students of Tehran University of Medical Sciences in the first semester of 2007-2008 academic year. The control group consisted of 28 and the experiment group included 32 students. After the written pre-test about the concept of children's palliative care, the synectic model was employed for the experiment group and the usual method for the control group. Then, the post-test was held for both groups and they also wrote an essay on palliative care. Data was analyzed by SPSS software using descriptive statistics and inferential tests including Mann Whitney, chi[2], and Fisher exact test. The mean for pre-test scores was 2.8 for the control group and 2.5 for the experiment group which showed no significant difference before the intervention. But after the intervention in post-test, the mean for the control group was 3.8, while it was 4.8 for the experiment group which showed a statistically significant difference. Moreover, investigating students' essay texts showed a significant difference between the two groups concerning creativity in writing. With regard to the results of this study, employing synectic method enhances academic performance and writing creativity of nursing students regarding children's palliative care

[Effect of music therapy on chemotherapy nausea and vomiting in children with malignancy]

Nausea and vomiting is one of the major side-effects of chemotherapy. Due to complex nature of its management, both medical and non-medical therapies are recommended. This study aimed to investigate the effect of music therapy on chemotherapy nausea and vomiting in children with malignancy. In this quasi-experimental study, 30 children aged 8-12 who were under chemotherapy were recruited. After getting the current treatments, the children listened to a kind of music for 45 minutes at 6, 9, and 12 hours after the beginning of the chemotherapy. Nausea and vomiting was measured using both numerical and descriptive scales every 8 hours for 24 hours after beginning of the chemotherapy. Data were analyzed using Willcoxon and Mcnemar statistical tests in the SPSS, version 11.5. The rate of nausea was declined significantly at the 16[th] and 24[th] hours after music therapy. Assessment of nausea by descriptive scale showed a decline only at 24[th] hours after music therapy. The rate of vomiting did not show any significant difference between two stages. Music therapy could decrease the amount of nausea in children with malignancy under chemotherapy; however, it does not any effect on the rate of vomiting

[Perceptions of parents and nurses on needs of hospitalized children's parents]

Due to the fact that family centered care have a crucial role in pediatric nursing, it seems compatibility of nurses' and parents' perception about parents' needs can lead to deliver higher quality care. The aim of this study was to compare parents' and nurses' perceptions about needs of hospitalized children's parents. This is a cross-sectional survey. One hundred and fifty parents and 80 nurses were selected using convenient sampling method. Data was gathered using Kristjansdottir's "parental needs of hospitalized children" questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical [Chi-squared and Mann-Whitney U tests] methods. Research findings showed that there was significant difference between both parents' and nurses' perceptions about parents' needs [P=0.012]. Both groups believed that parents' needs are met partially in hospitals. There was not meaningful difference between the parents' and nurses' perceptions concerning meeting parental needs [P = 0.666]. Based on their perceptions, understanding of parents' needs help them to meet their requirements in health care facilities. There was a significant difference between parents' and nurses' perceptions regarding parents' need [P = 0.018]. Parents and nurses recognized all of the parents' needs to be important; there were also deficits in meeting these needs. Therefore, parents' cooperation with health care team is necessary to facilitate the recovery of sick children as well as meeting parents' needs